Combining those two functionalities in one material, yielding a so-called dual-functional material, could significantly reduce the cost and weight of a device packaging and reduce the complexity of a packaging design. Conventionally those two functionalities are realized via two different materials-an EMI shield and a thermal interface material (TIM). A similar requirement for thermal conductivity is set to 1 W/mK. The minimum requirement for industrial applications for EMI shielding efficiency (EMI SE) is 10 dB, which corresponds to shielding 90% of incident radiation. In present-day electronics, an electronic device’s packaging usually has to provide efficient shielding of stray electromagnetic interference and efficient heat management. Polymer composites offer a plethora of advantages over conventional materials, such as high durability, resistance to corrosion, low weight, or the possibility of using well-known and large-scale production methods developed for polymers, e.g., 3D printing, extrusion, or injection molding. Polymer composites join the mechanical sturdiness of the polymer matrix with unique traits of chosen nanofillers. Out of several types of multifunctional materials, we will concentrate on polymer composites with nanoscale fillers, also called multiscale composites or nanocomposites. Multifunctional materials combine two or more functionalities such as durability, self-healing, or electrical conductivity within one material. Additionally, we investigate the influence of the nanofiller lateral size on the studied physical properties to optimize the studied functionalities per given nanofiller loading.
The EMI shielding efficiency measurements were conducted in the microwave range between 0.2 to 12 GHz, consisting of the highly relevant X-band (8–12 GHz). The multifunctionality of the composites is realized via high EMI shielding efficiency exceeding 40 dB per 1 mm thick sample and thermal conductivity of 1.72 W/mK at 15 wt% nanofiller loading.
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We studied a series of polylactic acid/graphene nanoplatelet composites with six graphene nanoplatelet loadings, up to 15 wt%, and three different flake lateral sizes (0.2, 5 and 25 μm). We report a detailed study of an ecological and dual-functional polymer composite for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and heat management applications. In the age of mobile electronics and increased aerospace interest, multifunctional materials such as the polymer composites reported here are interesting alternatives to conventional materials, offering reduced cost and size of an electrical device packaging.
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